摘要
新发展阶段，人与自然和谐共生的现代化建设对环境治理提出精细化要求，新污染物治理成为美丽中国建设的关键课题。本文立足新发展阶段特征，首先界定新发展阶段、生态文化等核心概念，梳理生态文化建设的理论溯源；其次阐述习近平生态文化观的四重维度（精神、物质、制度、行为）及我国生态文化建设取得的成就；进而分析生态文化建设背景下新污染物治理的演进脉络——从“十一五”“十二五”的重点污染物减排，到2013年《大气污染防治行动计划》的里程碑式突破，再到“十五五”及2035年的长远规划；最后深入探究生态文化建设与新污染物治理的“价值引领-实践回应”共生关系，并从价值引领、社会协同、制度赋能三个维度提出优化路径。研究旨在为二者协同推进、实现2035年新污染物有效管控目标及人与自然和谐共生的现代化建设提供思路。
关键词： 新发展阶段；生态文化建设；新污染物治理
Abstract
In the new development stage, the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature imposes refined requirements on environmental governance, making the management of new pollutants a key issue in building a beautiful China. This paper, based on the characteristics of the new development stage, first defines core concepts such as the new development stage and ecological culture, and traces the theoretical origins of ecological culture construction. Secondly, it elaborates on the four dimensions of Xi Jinping's ecological culture perspective (spiritual, material, institutional, and behavioral) and the achievements made in China's ecological culture construction. Then, it analyzes the evolutionary trajectory of new pollutant management under the background of ecological culture construction—from the reduction of key pollutants during the "11th Five-Year Plan" and "12th Five-Year Plan" to the milestone breakthrough of the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan" in 2013, and further to the long-term planning of the "15th Five-Year Plan" and 2035. Finally, it explores the symbiotic relationship between ecological culture construction and new pollutant management in terms of "value guidance-practical response," and proposes optimization paths from three dimensions: value guidance, social coordination, and institutional empowerment. The study aims to provide insights for the coordinated advancement of both, achieving the goal of effective control of new pollutants by 2035 and realizing the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.
Key words： New development stage; Ecological culture construction; New pollutant management
参考文献 References
[1] 张建伟, 宋丽容. 我国新污染物治理的法制路径 [J]. 北京化工大学学报(社会科学版), 2023, (04): 1-8.
[2] 李素琴. 人与自然生命共同体的生态文化阐释 [J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版), 2025, 27(02): 125-132.
[3] 孟伟宇. 习近平关于新发展阶段的重要论述研究 [D]; 湖南:吉首大学, 2024.
[4] 陈辰. 新发展阶段我国生态文化建设的现状与路径 [J]. 经济研究导刊, 2022, (36): 147-149.
[5] 李晶晶, 李新慧. 国内关于生态文化建设研究综述 [J]. 佳木斯职业学院学报, 2018, (04): 446-447.
[6] 韦正峥, 向月皎, 郭云, 等. 国内外新污染物环境管理政策分析与建议 [J]. 环境科学研究, 2022, 35(02): 443-451.
[7] DE FOY B, LU Z, STREETS D G. Satellite NO(2) retrievals suggest China has exceeded its NO(x) reduction goals from the twelfth Five-Year Plan [J]. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 35912.
[8] SCHREIFELS J J, FU Y, WILSON E J. Sulfur dioxide control in China: policy evolution during the 10th and 11th Five-year Plans and lessons for the future [J]. Energy Policy, 2012, 48: 779-789.
[9] GU A, TENG F, FENG X. Effects of pollution control measures on carbon emission reduction in China: evidence from the 11th and 12th Five-Year Plans [J]. Climate Policy, 2018, 18(2): 198-209.
[10] 杨丹辉, 李鹏飞, 张艳芳. “十一五”时期污染减排效果的区域比较分析 [J]. 当代经济管理, 2012, 34(06): 56-62.
[11] GAO Y, ZHENG J. The opposite innovation impacts of air and water pollution regulations: Evidence from the total emissions control policy in China [J]. Journal of Asian Economics, 2024, 92: 101738.
[12] LI J, HUANG J, LI B. Do command‐and‐control environmental regulations realize the win‐win of “pollution reduction” and “efficiency improvement” for enterprises? Evidence from China [J]. Sustainable Development, 2024, 32(4): 3271-3292.
[13] XIAO-LI D, YI L, XIU-GE Z, et al. Environmental Health Standard Framework in China during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan [J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2011, 1(3): 210-214.
[14] TIAN Y, HE C, YANG L, et al. Spatiotemporal Dynamic Correlation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Major Air Pollutant Emissions in China [J]. Atmosphere, 2023, 14(1): 130.
[15] FENG T, SUN Y, SHI Y, et al. Air pollution control policies and impacts: A review [J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2024, 191: 114071.
[16] 生态环境部办公厅. 关于公开征求《新污染物治理行动方案（征求意见稿）》意见的通知 [EB/OL]. (2021). [2025-10-30]. https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk06/202110/t20211011_956084.html.
[17] 章轲. 生态环境部：系统谋划“十五五”固体废物和新污染物治理 [EB/OL]. (2024). [2025-10-30].
https://www.yicai.com/news/102322192.html.